Valoración del odio en medios españoles: tipologías, intensidades y escenarios digitales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14198/MEDCOM.28666Palabras clave:
Detección, expresiones de odio, medios digitales, medios informativos, monitorieo, redes socialesResumen
Purpose. This study analyzes the perception of communication professionals, the social sector, and academia regarding the presence and dissemination of hate speech in Spanish digital news media, aiming to identify discrepancies between their perceptions and media reality. Methodology. An exploratory study was conducted using an online survey applied to a random sample of 199 media professionals, third-sector representatives, and academic researchers. These data were then compared with the analysis of 9,278,137 messages collected from Facebook, X, and the institutional web portals of five Spanish digital media outlets. Results and conclusions. The findings reveal significant divergences between the respondents' perceptions and the actual dissemination of hate speech, particularly concerning the platforms where hate is most prevalent. Xenophobic hate is prioritized over other typologies, while political hate is underestimated. Additionally, respondents tend to focus on extreme forms of hate speech, overlooking lower-intensity expressions that contribute to the normalization of incivility. Novelty. This study provides a replicable methodology to assess perceptions of hate speech in digital media and compare them with empirical data, contributing to the development of more effective monitoring strategies aligned with the realities of digital communication.
Financiación
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Agencia Estatal de Investigación), Universidad Internacional de La RiojaCitas
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